UK story
The Treaty of Tagilde was signed between Ferdinand I of Portugal and representatives of John of Gaunt of England, marking the beginning of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, which remains in effect today.
142 things happened on 10 July, from AD 138 to 2020. UK stories come first, then the rest of the world.
UK history first: stories from England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
UK story
The Treaty of Tagilde was signed between Ferdinand I of Portugal and representatives of John of Gaunt of England, marking the beginning of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, which remains in effect today.
UK story
Lady Jane Grey (pictured) was proclaimed the successor to King Edward VI of England, beginning her disputed reign as the "Nine Days' Queen".
UK story
English Civil War: The Parliamentarians destroyed the last Royalist field army at the Battle of Langport, ultimately giving Parliament control of the west of England.
UK story
Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660): Henry Morgan with an English privateer force landed at Porto Bello (in modern-day Panama) in an attempt to capture the Spanish city.
UK story
American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
UK story
Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta.
UK story
Irish War of Independence: One day after a truce was agreed between the Irish Republican Army and British forces, violence broke out between Catholics and Protestants in Belfast.
UK story
Muhammad Ali Jinnah is recommended as the first Governor-General of Pakistan by the British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee.
UK story
The Bahamas gains full independence within the Commonwealth of Nations.
Having usurped the throne of Emperor Gong of Jin, Liu Yu proclaims himself Emperor of the Liu Song dynasty.
The Norse King Glúniairn recognises Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept Brehon Law; the event is considered to be the founding of the city of Dublin.
The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.
The Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre commences with the capture of Goizueta.
U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.
The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.
War of the Pacific: Chileans led by Alejandro Gorostiaga defeat Andrés Avelino Cáceres's Peruvian army at the Battle of Huamachuco, hastening the end of the war.
Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.
The air temperature in Furnace Creek, California, reached 134 °F (56.7 °C), recognized by the World Meteorological Organization as the highest recorded on Earth.
Arthur Meighen becomes Prime Minister of Canada.
Paavo Nurmi wins the 1,500 m and 5,000 m events at the Paris Olympics, with just an hour between the two races.
Scopes trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins of John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.
Howard Hughes begins a 91-hour airplane flight around the world that will set a new record.
A downed Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Zero was discovered on Akutan Island, Alaska; it was later rebuilt and flown to devise tactics against the aircraft during World War II.
World War II: Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily, begins.
The official establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).: 121
Korean War: Armistice negotiations begin at Kaesong.
Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.
Martin Luther King Jr. (pictured) led a rally in support of the Chicago Freedom Movement, one of the most ambitious civil-rights campaigns in the northern United States.
New Zealand decimalises its former currency to the modern-day New Zealand dollar.
Moktar Ould Daddah, the first president of Mauritania, was ousted in a coup d'état led by Mustafa Ould Salek.
Boris Yeltsin takes office as the first elected President of Russia.
The South African cricket team is readmitted into the International Cricket Council following the end of Apartheid.
The NIOSH air filtration ratings update with the enactment of 42 CFR 84, previously published in the Federal Register. The new regulation includes rules governing the new N95 respirator standard.
In London, scientists report the findings of the DNA analysis of a Neanderthal skeleton which supports the "out of Africa theory" of human evolution, placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
The United States defeated China in the final match of the third FIFA Women's World Cup, setting records in both attendance and television ratings for women's sports.
Bashar al-Assad succeeds his father Hafez al-Assad as President of Syria.
EADS, the world's second-largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA.
Typhoon Ewiniar made landfall in South Korea, causing damages across the country amounting to 2.06 trillion won (US$1.4 billion).
Erden Eruç begins the first solo human-powered circumnavigation of the world.
Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Boškoski is acquitted of all war-crimes charges by a United Nations tribunal.
Portugal defeats France in the UEFA Euro 2016 Final to win their first European title.
Iraqi Civil War: Mosul is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant by the government of Iraq.
The last members of a junior association football team and their coach were rescued from Tham Luang Nang Non, a flooded cave in northern Thailand.
The final Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the line in Puebla, Mexico; the last of 5,961 "Special Edition" cars will be exhibited in a museum.
Every answer is somewhere on this page. Have a go, then check!
In which year did this happen: “English Civil War: The Parliamentarians destroyed the last Royalist field army”?
B: 1645. 1645 — that’s 381 years ago. Find it on the page
In which year did this happen: “Lady Jane Grey was proclaimed the successor to King Edward VI of England”?
C: 1553. 1553 — that’s 473 years ago. Find it on the page
Which of these happened first?
C: Lady Jane Grey was proclaimed the successor to King Edward VI of England. 1921: Irish War of Independence: One day after a truce was agreed between the Irish · 1645: English Civil War: The Parliamentarians destroyed the last Royalist field army · 1553: Lady Jane Grey was proclaimed the successor to King Edward VI of England Find it on the page
“Irish War of Independence: One day after a truce was agreed between the Irish” happened in 1921. How many years ago was that?
B: 105 years. 2026 − 1921 = 105. Find it on the page
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Content note: these entries mention things like war, violence, deaths, disasters or crime. They are part of history, but they can be upsetting. Grown-ups and teachers: you may want to read them first. They come straight from Wikipedia and have not been rewritten for children.
Stories with a heading have been written for young readers by A Day in the Past, using the linked articles as sources. Other entries show text from Wikipedia’s “July 10” page and its “On this day” feed, written by Wikipedia contributors and shared under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 licence. Each “Read more” link goes to the article an entry is based on. Photos are credited under each picture. Spotted a mistake? Please tell us.