On this day: 23 June

Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.

War of Saint Sabas: In an action off Trapani, Sicily, a Venetian fleet captured all 27 opposing Genoese vessels.

Reconquista: Troops of the Emirate of Granada defeated those of the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of León in the Battle of Moclín.

The Aragonese fleet under Roger of Lauria defeats a Angevin fleet in the Battle of the Counts close to Naples.

A peace treaty between the Flemish and the French is signed at Athis-sur-Orge.

On the First Sunday after Trinity, J. S. Bach led the first performance of Brich dem Hungrigen dein Brot, BWV 39 (page pictured), one of a few new cantatas written that year.

Seven Years' War: Battle of Landeshut: Austria defeats Prussia.

American Revolution: Battle of Springfield fought in and around Springfield, New Jersey (including Short Hills, formerly of Springfield, now of Millburn Township).

Empress Catherine II of Russia grants Jews permission to settle in Kyiv.

War of the First Coalition: Napoleon signed the Armistice of Bologna, agreeing a ceasefire between France and the Papal States.

John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.

The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.

Stand Watie became the last Confederate general of the American Civil War to surrender to Union forces.

Christopher Latham Sholes receives a patent for an invention he called the "Type-Writer".

The Parliament of Canada passed the Rocky Mountains Park Act, creating Banff National Park in Alberta as the country's first national park.

The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne in Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.

Second Balkan War: The Greeks defeat the Bulgarians in the Battle of Doiran.

Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta.

Estonian War of Independence: The decisive defeat of the Baltische Landeswehr in the Battle of Cēsis; this date is celebrated as Victory Day in Estonia.

The College Board administered the first Scholastic Aptitude Test, a major standardized test for university and college admissions in the United States.

Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to circumnavigate the world in a single-engine plane.

The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.

Henry Larsen begins the first successful west-to-east navigation of Northwest Passage from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft–Hartley Act.

The ocean liner SS United States is christened and launched.

The French National Assembly takes the first step in creating the French Community by passing the Loi Cadre, transferring a number of powers from Paris to elected territorial governments in French West Africa.

Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany where he resumes a scientific career.

The Antarctic Treaty System, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and limits military activity on the continent, its islands and ice shelves, comes into force.

Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.

Warren E. Burger is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring Chief Justice Earl Warren.

IBM announces that effective January 1970 it will price its software and services separately from hardware thus creating the modern software industry.

President Richard Nixon signed Title IX (co-author Patsy Mink pictured) into law as part of the Education Amendments, prohibiting gender discrimination in any educational program receiving U.S. federal funds.

The Los Angeles Dodgers started Steve Garvey, Davey Lopes, Ron Cey, and Bill Russell in the infield, beginning a record eight-year run in Major League Baseball for four people designated as starters for those positions.

The first instalment of the video-game series Sonic the Hedgehog was released in North America.

Croatian War of Independence: The Battle of the Miljevci Plateau ended after a failed counterattack by forces of the Republic of Serbian Krajina against the Croatian Army who had captured the plateau.

NASA's Space Station Processing Facility, a new state-of-the-art manufacturing building for the International Space Station, officially opens at Kennedy Space Center.

American social news and discussion site Reddit is founded in Medford, Massachusetts by Steve Huffman and Alexis Ohanian.

Ashton Eaton breaks the decathlon world record at the United States Olympic Trials.

Nik Wallenda becomes the first man to successfully walk across the Grand Canyon on a tight rope.

Twelve boys and an assistant coach from a soccer team in Thailand are trapped in a flooding cave, leading to an 18-day rescue operation.